Non woven fabrics are often used as auxiliary materials for clothing fabrics in the field of clothing. For a long time, they have been mistakenly regarded as a product with simple processing technology and lower grade. However, with the rapid development of non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics for clothing such as water jet, thermal bonding, melt spraying, needle punching, and sewing have emerged. This article mainly introduces the application and development of non-woven fabrics in the field of clothing.
Introduction
Non woven fabric, also known as non-woven fabric, non-woven fabric or non-woven fabric, refers to a type of fabric that does not require spinning or weaving. Different fiber raw materials and production processes can form a variety of product types, with flexibility, thickness, various properties, and shapes that can be freely changed. Non woven fabrics are often used as auxiliary materials for clothing fabrics in the field of clothing. For a long time, they have been mistakenly regarded as a product with simple processing technology and lower grade. However, with the rapid development of non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics such as water jet, thermal bonding, melt spraying, needle punching, and sewing have emerged for clothing.
Therefore, the true meaning of non-woven fabrics for clothing is that they can be processed into products similar to traditional woven or knitted fabrics, and can be endowed with unique properties such as moisture absorption, water repellency, resilience, softness, wear resistance, flame retardancy, sterility, and antibacterial properties. Although non-woven fabrics were initially used for extremely concealed areas in the clothing industry and were not well-known to people, they have indeed become an important component of the clothing industry today. Its main function in this industry is as an inner lining, high expansion insulation layer, protective clothing, sanitary underwear, etc.
Application and development of non-woven fabrics in the field of clothing and clothing adhesive lining
Non woven fabric lining includes general lining and adhesive lining, used for non-woven fabric lining in clothing, which can endow clothing with shape stability, shape retention, and stiffness. It has the characteristics of simple production process, low cost, comfortable and beautiful wearing, long-lasting shape retention, and good breathability.
Non woven adhesive lining is widely used and is the most commonly used type of non-woven fabric in the clothing industry. Non woven adhesive lining is a process in which non-woven fabric is coated with hot melt adhesive and directly bonded to the fabric during garment processing. After pressing and ironing, it can be tightly combined with the fabric to form a whole. The main function is to support the skeleton, making the appearance of the clothing flat, firm, and stable. It can be divided into shoulder lining, chest lining, waist lining, collar lining, etc. according to the different parts of the clothing lock.
In 1995, the global consumption of non-woven clothing adhesive lining exceeded 500 million US dollars, with an annual growth rate of about 2%. Non woven fabrics accounted for 65% to 70% of various clothing linings. Products range from simple mid to low end hot melt transfer adhesive lining, powder spreading lining, powder dot lining, and pulp dot lining, to high-end adhesive villages such as low elasticity lining, four sided lining, ultra-thin fashion lining, and color series non-woven lining. After applying non-woven adhesive lining to clothing, the use of adhesive instead of sewing has further propelled clothing production into the era of industrialization, improving the efficiency of garment production and increasing the diversity of clothing styles.
Synthetic leather base fabric
The production methods of synthetic leather are divided into dry processing method and wet processing method. In the traditional processing method, it is further divided into direct coating method and transfer coating method according to the coating method. The direct coating method is a technique in which a coating agent is directly applied to a base fabric. This method is mainly used to produce thin synthetic leather waterproof clothing; The transfer coating method is the main production method of dry synthetic leather. It involves applying a prepared solution slurry onto release paper, drying it to form a film, then applying an adhesive and bonding it to the base fabric. After pressing and drying, the base fabric is tightly bonded to the bonding film, and then the release paper is peeled off to become patterned synthetic leather.
Wet processing methods include immersion, coating and scraping, and immersion and scraping coating. Using immersion method to produce synthetic leather by impregnating with water-based latex, improving the density of the base fabric and enhancing the bending recovery of synthetic leather. The use of latex for chemical bonding enhances the moisture absorption and breathability of the base fabric. In addition, using water-soluble polyurethane for impregnation results in good product quality and prevents environmental pollution issues. Wet non-woven synthetic leather is mainly used for shoemaking, luggage, and ball leather, and the strength ratio in the warp and weft directions should not be too high. The processed synthetic leather is further processed into synthetic leather through layering, cutting, grinding, embossing, and printing.
In 2002, Japan developed a faux deer skin non-woven fabric based on ultra-fine fiber hydroentangled non-woven fabric. Due to its good breathability, moisture permeability, soft hand feel, bright color, full and uniform fuzz, and advantages such as washability, mold resistance, and anti mildew properties compared to genuine leather, it has replaced a large number of genuine leather clothing products abroad and become the new favorite of fashion designers.
Thermal material
Non woven insulation materials are widely used in warm clothing and bedding. According to different processing methods and usage, they are divided into products such as spray bonded cotton, hot melt cotton, super imitation down cotton, space cotton, etc. Their fluffiness is over 30%, air content is as high as 40%~50%, weight is generally 80~300g/m2, and the heaviest can reach 600g/m2. These types of thermal insulation materials are fundamentally made of synthetic fibers (such as polyester and polypropylene) that are woven into a net and then bonded together with highly fluffy fibers using adhesives or hot melt fibers to form thermal insulation sheets. They have the characteristics of being light, warm, and wind resistant, and are widely used in ski suits, cold coats, etc.
Non woven thermal flocs have been widely used in the clothing industry, replacing traditional cotton wool, down, silk wool, ostrich velvet, etc. to make jackets, winter coats, ski shirts, etc. This kind of products usually use three-dimensional crimped hollow fiber as raw material, conventional polyester and polypropylene fiber as auxiliary raw materials, and then use hot-melt method or spray method to strengthen them, so as to maintain the loose structure, which is light and warm. The three dimensional hollow polyacrylate fiber or two-component fiber treated with organosilicon lotion, which is made by hot air bonding, is known as artificial down.
The warm floc made of far-infrared fibers not only improves the bulky appearance of the insulation material for winter clothing, but also enables the wearer to achieve comfort, warmth, beauty, and health while keeping warm and covering the body! Therefore, far-infrared cotton is a new and good thermal insulation material. Regardless of whether it is wet washed or dry cleaned, the thermal insulation film has almost no effect on its canopy looseness and performance, and is highly welcomed by consumers. With the development and application of various ultrafine fibers, as well as the advancement of non-woven fabric processing technology, multi-layer composite thermal insulation flocs will have good market prospects.
Conclusion
Although the application of non-woven fabrics in the clothing industry is becoming increasingly widespread, and with the development of non-woven fabric technology, its application in the clothing industry will reach a higher level, the performance of some non-woven fabrics still cannot be compared with traditional textiles. “Paper clothes” made of non-woven fabrics as the main material cannot and should not be completely used to replace clothing made from traditional textiles. Due to the structural characteristics of non-woven fabrics, their appearance lacks artistic sense, and they do not have the attractive weaving patterns, drape, hand feel, and elasticity of woven and knitted fabrics. We should fully consider the characteristics of non-woven fabrics, fully utilize their functional role, and expand their scope of use in the clothing industry in a targeted manner to enhance their value.
Post time: Sep-29-2024