Spunbond and melt blown are two different non-woven fabric manufacturing processes, which have significant differences in raw materials, processing methods, product performance, and application fields.
The principle of spunbond and melt blown
Spunbond refers to a non-woven fabric made by extruding polymer materials in a molten state, spraying the molten material onto a rotor or nozzle, pulling it down in the molten state and rapidly solidifying it to form a fibrous material, and then interweaving and interlocking the fibers through mesh or electrostatics spinning. The principle is to extrude the melted polymer through an extruder, and then go through multiple processes such as cooling, stretching, and directional stretching, ultimately forming a non-woven fabric.
Meltblown, on the other hand, is the process of ejecting polymer materials from a molten state through a high-speed nozzle. Due to the impact and cooling of high-speed airflow, the polymer materials quickly solidify into filamentous materials and float in the air, which are then processed naturally or wet to form a fine fiber network of non-woven fabric. The principle is to spray out high-temperature molten polymer materials, stretch them into fine fibers through high-speed airflow, and quickly solidify into mature products in the air, forming a layer of fine non-woven fabric material.
Different raw materials
Spunbonded non-woven fabrics typically use chemical fibers such as polypropylene (PP) or polyester (PET) as raw materials, while melt blown non-woven fabrics use polymer materials in a molten state, such as polypropylene (PP) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN).The requirements for raw materials vary. Spunbonding requires PP to have an MF of 20-40g/min, while melting requires 400-1200g/min.
Comparison between melt blown fibers and spunbond fibers
A. Fiber length – spunbond as filament, melt blown as short fiber
B. Fiber strength: Spunbonded fiber strength>Melted fiber strength
C. Fiber fineness: Melted fiber is better than spunbond fiber
Different processing methods
The processing of spunbond non-woven fabric includes melting chemical fibers at high temperatures, drawing them, and then forming a fiber network structure through cooling and stretching; Melt blown non-woven fabric is a process of spraying molten polymer materials into the air through a high-speed nozzle, rapidly cooling and stretching them into fine fibers under the action of high-speed airflow, ultimately forming a layer of dense fiber network structure.
One of the characteristics of melt blown nonwoven fabrics is that the fiber fineness is small, usually less than 10nm (micrometers), and most fibers have a fineness of 1-4 rm.
The various forces on the entire spinning line from the melt blown nozzle to the receiving device cannot be balanced (due to the fluctuation of tensile force of high-temperature and high-speed airflow, the speed and temperature of cooling air, etc.), resulting in uneven fiber fineness.
The uniformity of fiber diameter in the spunbond nonwoven fabric mesh is significantly better than that of spray fibers, because in the spunbond process, the spinning process conditions are stable, and the changes in drafting and cooling conditions are relatively small.
Spinning overflow varies. Melt blown spinning is 50-80 ℃ higher than spunbond spinning.
The stretching speed of fibers varies. Spinning meal 6000m/min, melt blown 30Km/min.
The emperor stretched out his distance but couldn’t control it. Spunbound 2-4m, fused 10-30cm.
The cooling and traction conditions are different. Spinnbond fibers are drawn with positive/negative cold air at 16 ℃, while fuses are blown with positive/negative hot air near 200 ℃.
Different product performance
Spunbonded non-woven fabrics usually have high fracture strength and elongation, but the texture and uniformity of the fiber mesh may be poor, which meets the needs of fashionable products such as shopping bags; Melt blown non-woven fabric has good breathability, filtration, wear resistance, and anti-static properties, but may have poor hand feel and strength, and can be used to make medical masks and other products.
Different application fields
Spunbonded non-woven fabrics are widely used in medical, clothing, home, industrial and other fields, such as masks, surgical gowns, sofa covers, curtains, etc; Melt blown non-woven fabric is mainly used in medical, health, protection, environmental protection and other fields, such as high-end masks, protective clothing, filters, etc.
Conclusion
Melt blown non-woven fabric and spunbond non-woven fabric are two different non-woven fabric materials with different manufacturing processes and characteristics. In terms of application and selection, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the actual needs and usage scenarios, and choose the most suitable non-woven fabric material.
Post time: Feb-17-2024